Methods of Asexual Reproduction in Animals
Binary Fission:
- i) It takes place in unicellular organisms.
- ii) In this method one cell gets divided into two daughter cells under suitable conditions.
iii) Daughter cells are identical to parent cell.
- iv) In this method nucleus becomes elongated and divides into two.
- v) Afterwards cell also divides into two daughter cells.
- vi) For example: amoeba and paramecium reproduces with this method.
Multiple Fission:
- i) This is division of unicellular organisms into many small cells under unfavorable conditions.
- ii) The organism becomes enclosed in a cyst.
iii) Its nucleus divides into many nuclei and each nucleus surrounded by a bit of cytoplasm.
- iv) When conditions become suitable, the cyst ruptures and large number of daughter cells are released.
- v) For example: amoeba and plasmodium reproduces with this method.
Budding:
- i) In this process, an out growth (bud) develops by mitosis on the body of parent organism.
- ii) After sometime it separate from parent body and grow into an individual.
iii) For example hydra, sea anemone and sponges reproduce with this method.
Regeneration:
- i) Regeneration means formation of lost parts of the body.
- ii) For example an arm of starfish if lost in accident can grow again on the body.
iii) Earthworm is divided into two halves; each half can regenerate its lost half. Each half becomes an individual.
- iv) Annelids, echinoderms and flatworms reproduce with this method.
Parthenogenesis:
- i) In this process an unfertilized egg develops into a complete individual.
- ii) For example queen bee lays eggs, which are either fertilized to form diploid workers, or if not fertilized it forms the haploid males called drones.
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